jesse greyson the successful writer editor book editing

What Is Book Editing?

Every book, no matter how great, needs editing.

The books you pick off the shelf in a bookstore have gone through multiple rounds of revisions. Often books have been revised between 10-20 times before they are published.

Even if your goal is to be traditionally published you will still need to edit your book many times. And if you do manage to sell your book to a publishing house, they will most likely commence the editing process with you all over again once they have bought your book.

As there’s no avoiding the editing process for our books, we might as well make the process as efficient and painless for our selves as possible.

Lets dig in.

Book Editing

1. Editing A Books Structure

Editing a book consists of two phases: developmental editing, and polishing.

In the developmental phases, we first edit the structure:

  • premise
  • plot
  • pacing
  • plot twists & foreshadowing
  • character arcs
  • character beats, plot beats, action beats
  • satisfying ending
  • genre-appropriate word count
  • chapter endings with hooks
  • and more

Then we edit the content (the prose).

For example:

  • remove most adverbs & passive writing
  • remove most filler & filter words
  • check for consistent tense
  • deepen the POV, check for POV slips
  • check for good balance of setting, description, action, dialogue, inner monologue, viseral description
  • cut each chapter by 10%

Finally, we polish the book with a professional copy edit and proofread.

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Developmental Editing?

2. Editing Is A Multilayered Process

Editing starts by looking at the big picture, that is, how your story is put together.

After all, there is no point going over your prose with a fine-toothed comb until you are sure that prose isn’t going to end up on the cutting room floor.  Why edit words you aren’t going to keep?

Structural editing looks at story elements such as genre and tone, story structure, pacing, foreshadowing, order of information, relationship beats and plot beats, word count and so on.

Once you are confident in your story structure, it’s time to get down to the nitty-gritty and start going over your prose line by line. This includes (but is no means limited to) deciding when to use showing and when to use telling, culling adverbs, filler words and filter words as is appropriate for your story, removing passive writing, making sure tense is consistent throughout, making the writing clear, concise and effective and making sure that your paragraphs are doing multiple things at once.

stages of editing a book jesse greyson the successful writer
Editing Process

3. The General Editing Steps

Finish Your Manuscript

Most people never make it to this step.
If you are one of the rare few who have then give yourself a big pat on the back – you are already way ahead of the pack.

Once you have finished your draft, you want to make it readable for your first reader. Go back through and fix the things you KNOW need touching up – continuity errors such as eye colour, character names etc. Fix structural issues such as plot holes, and when the story is readable, make sure you run it through spell check, Grammarly, and the hemingwayapp.com before giving it to your trusted alpha reader.

Give It To Your ‘First Reader’

Your first reader is someone you know and trust. Someone whose opinion you value.

They should be someone who will act as a cheerleader for you, encouraging you in your artistic endeavors while also giving honest feedback on what did and didn’t work for them in the story. If all your first reader does is gush about how amazing you and your story are, and how you are going to sell more books than J.K Rowling, perhaps consider finding a more objective alpha reader.

EVERY story has room for improvement, and you need to know what those areas are.

Workshop It Through A Writing Group

It can be daunting and grueling to have your work critiqued by others, but it is the fastest way to level up as a writer and a storyteller (provided you find an appropriate writers’ group). Ideally, you want to be in a writing group where people are writing a few levels higher than you so that you can learn from them.

Nothing grows in a void. You can sit at home and write in isolation and your writing will most likely be at the same level ten years from now as it is today.  Or you can get amongst your peers and level up faster – while making great friends and contacts in the process. 

Give It To Several Beta Readers

Running your manuscript through your alpha reader and writing group should help you iron out most of the issues with your story’s structure and prose. Now it’s time to test if all your hard work paid off by giving your manuscript to beta readers.

Beta readers function as a test audience, much like the test audiences for movies do. The more beta readers you have, the bigger your sample size, and therefore the more likely you’re getting an accurate reflection of what the general populace will think of your work. You want to get around 5-20 people to function as beta readers. What you are looking for from their feedback is a general consensus on the story. If most of your beta readers tell you something doesn’t work for them, then it probably doesn’t work, and you should consider revising it.

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Structural Editing

4. Get A Developmental Edit

This can be done at any stage – if you’ve just finished your first draft and you know something isn’t working but can’t just pinpoint it, or if you’ve run your manuscript through alpha and beta readers and they’ve flagged an issue with the plot, pacing, relationship beats, character arcs, actions beats, or some other structural issue.

As writers, we often can’t see ‘the forest for the trees’ when it comes to our own work. We are too close to the project to have objectivity, and often the story that is in our minds isn’t quite what we’ve put down on the page. Getting an objective third party who has read countless manuscripts to edit your work can be the quickest and most effective way to ‘fix’ your story.

stressed author writing is hard book editor editing
Editing The Prose

5. Get A Line Edit

If you’re confident in your story’s structure, then it’s a good time to get an industry professional to go over your prose. Your words need to do so much heavy lifting. Each scene should be advancing the plot, the character arcs, and the world-building. This is where you have to get really ruthless on your words. If they are not earning their keep, they have to go.

Similarly, this is the stage where you fix tense, remove passive writing, cut adverbs, filler words and filter words, increase the reader’s sense of immersion, ensure that you have filtered the story through the characters unique perspective, swap out abstract terms for more concrete terms (replace wood with pine, dog with husky etc), make sure you have used all 5 senses to describe the world to the reader, and so much more. This can be the most time-consuming phase of the editing process.

jesse greyson the successful writer editor book editing
Editing The Prose

6. Get A Copy Edit

Copy editing means that you have finished the developmental editing stage of your manuscript. You are making no more changes to either structure or the writing. It is time to polish that prose and make sure it adheres to industry-standard conventions for grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation.

A copy editor will check for things such as technical consistency in spelling, capitalization, font usage, numerals, hyphenation. They will also check for continuity errors and factual errors.

jesse greyson the successful author glasses on book
Editing The Prose

7. Get It Proofread

Copy editing means that you have finished the developmental editing stage of your manuscript. You are making no more changes to either structure or the writing. It is time to polish that prose and make sure it adheres to industry-standard conventions for grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation.

A copy editor will check for things such as technical consistency in spelling, capitalization, font usage, numerals, hyphenation. They will also check for continuity errors and factual errors.

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Resting Is Part Of Creativity

8. Take A Break

Not writing is a part of writing too. It’s important after finishing a creative project to take time to ‘refill your well.’ How you choose to do that is up to you. Perhaps you go camping with the family, or book yourself into a day spa for some pampering, or go out to dinner with friends. Whatever it is, forget about the book for the time being and give yourself some time off.

After a few days or a week away from the desk, it is good to start a fresh new project, unrelated to the one you just finished (if you can.)



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    About Me

    Who Is Jesse Greyson?

    Jesse Greyson is a fantasy author and substantive book editor. She loves the craft of writing and would like to share her skills and knowledge with writers who want to take their books to the next level. 

    Jesse resides on the Gold Coast and lives that ‘Houseplants & Huskies’ life. She has three snow dogs, plants where her dining table should be (and on every other available surface), and more ideas for novels than she can ever hope to write in her lifetime.

    Jesse is active on social media, and has an addiction to memes, which she also flagrantly encourages in other people. Jesse can be found on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube.

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